C#实现简单的RSA非对称加密算法示例

界面控件

namespaceRSA算法
{
  partialclassForm1
  {
    /// 

    /// 必需的设计器变量。
    /// 
    privateSystem.ComponentModel.IContainer components =null;
    /// 

    /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
    /// 
    /// 如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。
    protectedoverridevoidDispose(booldisposing)
    {
      if(disposing && (components !=null))
      {
        components.Dispose();
      }
      base.Dispose(disposing);
    }
    #region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码
    /// 

    /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要
    /// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
    /// 
    privatevoidInitializeComponent()
    {
      this.StrBox =newSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
      this.label1 =newSystem.Windows.Forms.Label();
      this.PubKeyBox =newSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
      this.label2 =newSystem.Windows.Forms.Label();
      this.PrvKeyBox =newSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
      this.label3 =newSystem.Windows.Forms.Label();
      this.EncrypeBox =newSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
      this.label4 =newSystem.Windows.Forms.Label();
      this.label5 =newSystem.Windows.Forms.Label();
      this.Str2Box =newSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
      this.CrypeBtn =newSystem.Windows.Forms.Button();
      this.SuspendLayout();
      //
      // StrBox
      //
      this.StrBox.Location =newSystem.Drawing.Point(115, 12);
      this.StrBox.Name ="StrBox";
      this.StrBox.Size =newSystem.Drawing.Size(258, 21);
      this.StrBox.TabIndex = 0;
      //
      // label1
      //
      this.label1.AutoSize =true;
      this.label1.Location =newSystem.Drawing.Point(11, 18);
      this.label1.Name ="label1";
      this.label1.Size =newSystem.Drawing.Size(77, 12);
      this.label1.TabIndex = 1;
      this.label1.Text ="加密前的明文";
      //
      // PubKeyBox
      //
      this.PubKeyBox.Location =newSystem.Drawing.Point(115, 78);
      this.PubKeyBox.Multiline =true;
      this.PubKeyBox.Name ="PubKeyBox";
      this.PubKeyBox.Size =newSystem.Drawing.Size(258, 74);
      this.PubKeyBox.TabIndex = 2;
      //
      // label2
      //
      this.label2.AutoSize =true;
      this.label2.Location =newSystem.Drawing.Point(11, 87);
      this.label2.Name ="label2";
      this.label2.Size =newSystem.Drawing.Size(29, 12);
      this.label2.TabIndex = 3;
      this.label2.Text ="公钥";
      //
      // PrvKeyBox
      //
      this.PrvKeyBox.Location =newSystem.Drawing.Point(115, 158);
      this.PrvKeyBox.Multiline =true;
      this.PrvKeyBox.Name ="PrvKeyBox";
      this.PrvKeyBox.Size =newSystem.Drawing.Size(258, 128);
      this.PrvKeyBox.TabIndex = 4;
      //
      // label3
      //
      this.label3.AutoSize =true;
      this.label3.Location =newSystem.Drawing.Point(13, 167);
      this.label3.Name ="label3";
      this.label3.Size =newSystem.Drawing.Size(101, 12);
      this.label3.TabIndex = 5;
      this.label3.Text ="密钥（包含私钥）";
      //
      // EncrypeBox
      //
      this.EncrypeBox.Location =newSystem.Drawing.Point(115, 292);
      this.EncrypeBox.Name ="EncrypeBox";
      this.EncrypeBox.Size =newSystem.Drawing.Size(258, 21);
      this.EncrypeBox.TabIndex = 6;
      //
      // label4
      //
      this.label4.AutoSize =true;
      this.label4.Location =newSystem.Drawing.Point(14, 299);
      this.label4.Name ="label4";
      this.label4.Size =newSystem.Drawing.Size(29, 12);
      this.label4.TabIndex = 7;
      this.label4.Text ="密文";
      //
      // label5
      //
      this.label5.AutoSize =true;
      this.label5.Location =newSystem.Drawing.Point(14, 329);
      this.label5.Name ="label5";
      this.label5.Size =newSystem.Drawing.Size(77, 12);
      this.label5.TabIndex = 8;
      this.label5.Text ="解密后的明文";
      //
      // Str2Box
      //
      this.Str2Box.Location =newSystem.Drawing.Point(115, 320);
      this.Str2Box.Name ="Str2Box";
      this.Str2Box.Size =newSystem.Drawing.Size(258, 21);
      this.Str2Box.TabIndex = 9;
      //
      // CrypeBtn
      //
      this.CrypeBtn.Location =newSystem.Drawing.Point(117, 43);
      this.CrypeBtn.Name ="CrypeBtn";
      this.CrypeBtn.Size =newSystem.Drawing.Size(104, 23);
      this.CrypeBtn.TabIndex = 10;
      this.CrypeBtn.Text ="执行加密解密";
      this.CrypeBtn.UseVisualStyleBackColor =true;
      this.CrypeBtn.Click +=newSystem.EventHandler(this.CrypeBtn_Click);
      //
      // Form1
      //
      this.AutoScaleDimensions =newSystem.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);
      this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
      this.ClientSize =newSystem.Drawing.Size(385, 353);
      this.Controls.Add(this.CrypeBtn);
      this.Controls.Add(this.Str2Box);
      this.Controls.Add(this.label5);
      this.Controls.Add(this.label4);
      this.Controls.Add(this.EncrypeBox);
      this.Controls.Add(this.label3);
      this.Controls.Add(this.PrvKeyBox);
      this.Controls.Add(this.label2);
      this.Controls.Add(this.PubKeyBox);
      this.Controls.Add(this.label1);
      this.Controls.Add(this.StrBox);
      this.Name ="Form1";
      this.Text ="RSA非对称加密解密";
      this.ResumeLayout(false);
      this.PerformLayout();
    }
    #endregion
    privateSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox StrBox;
    privateSystem.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
    privateSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox PubKeyBox;
    privateSystem.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
    privateSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox PrvKeyBox;
    privateSystem.Windows.Forms.Label label3;
    privateSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox EncrypeBox;
    privateSystem.Windows.Forms.Label label4;
    privateSystem.Windows.Forms.Label label5;
    privateSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox Str2Box;
    privateSystem.Windows.Forms.Button CrypeBtn;
  }
}

RSA代码

usingSystem;
usingSystem.Collections.Generic;
usingSystem.ComponentModel;
usingSystem.Data;
usingSystem.Drawing;
usingSystem.Linq;
usingSystem.Text;
usingSystem.Windows.Forms;
usingSystem.Security.Cryptography;
namespaceRSA算法
{
  publicpartialclassForm1 : Form
  {
    publicForm1()
    {
      InitializeComponent();
    }
    privatevoidCrypeBtn_Click(objectsender, EventArgs e)
    {
      //创建RSA加密算法服务提供者
      RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA =newRSACryptoServiceProvider();
      //显示公钥和私钥
      PubKeyBox.Text = RSA.ToXmlString(false);
      PrvKeyBox.Text = RSA.ToXmlString(true);
      //执行加密
      byte[] EncrypeBytes = RSA.Encrypt(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(StrBox.Text),true);
      EncrypeBox.Text = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(EncrypeBytes);
      //执行解密
      byte[] DecrypeBytes = RSA.Decrypt(EncrypeBytes,true);
      Str2Box.Text = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(DecrypeBytes);
    }
  }
}

运行效果：

PS：关于加密解密感兴趣的朋友还可以参考本站在线工具：