Android实现聊天界面

作者:袖梨 2022-06-25

本文实例为大家分享了Android实现聊天界面的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下

文件目录

在app下的build.gradle中添加依赖库(RecyclerView)

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
  compileSdkVersion 24
  buildToolsVersion "26.0.1"
  defaultConfig {
    applicationId "com.example.uibestpractice"
    minSdkVersion 15
    targetSdkVersion 24
    versionCode 1
    versionName "1.0"
    testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
  }
  buildTypes {
    release {
      minifyEnabled false
      proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguarrules.pro'
    }
  }
}

dependencies {
  compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
  androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
    exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
  })
  compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:24.2.1'
  compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
  compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:24.2.1'//添加RecyclerView依赖库
  testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
}

编写主界面(activity_main.xml)








  

  
  • 在主界面中放置的RecyclerView用于显示消息
  • EditText用于编辑消息
  • Button用于发送消息

定义消息的实体类Msg

package com.example.uibestpractice;

public class Msg {
  public static final int TYPE_RECEIVED = 0;
  public static final int TYPE_SENT = 1;
  private String content;
  private int type;

  public Msg(String content,int type) {
    this.content = content;
    this.type = type;
  }

  public String getContent() {
    return content;
  }
  public int getType() {
    return type;
  }
}
  • 用两个常量来表示消息的类型(接收的还是发送的)

编写RecyclerView的子布局(msg_item.xml)




  

    
  

  

    
  

  • 将接收的消息居左对齐,发送的消息居右对齐

创建RecyclerView适配器类

package com.example.uibestpractice;

import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.List;

public class MsgAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter{
  private List mMsgList;

  static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
    LinearLayout leftLayout;
    LinearLayout rightLayout;
    TextView leftMsg;
    TextView rihgtMsg;

    public ViewHolder(View view) {
      super(view);
      leftLayout = (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.left_layout);
      rightLayout = (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.right_layout);
      leftMsg = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.left_msg);
      rihgtMsg = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.right_msg);
    }
  }

  public MsgAdapter(List msgList) {
    mMsgList = msgList;
  }

  @Override
  public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
    View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.msg_item,parent,false);
    return new ViewHolder(view);
  }

  @Override
  public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
    Msg msg = mMsgList.get(position);
    if (msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED) {
      holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
      holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
      holder.leftMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
    } else if (msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_SENT) {
      holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
      holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
      holder.rihgtMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
    }
  }

  @Override
  public int getItemCount() {
    return mMsgList.size();
  }
}
  • 定义了一个内部类ViewHolder,继承自RecyclerView.ViewHolder。ViewHolder的构造函数中传入一个View参数,这个参数通常是RecyclerView子项的最外层布局,这样我们就可以通过findViewById()方法来获取布局中的接收和发送消息布局的实例了。
  • MsgAdapter中也有一个构造函数,将要展示的数据源传进来复制给mMsgList。
  • MsgAdapter继承自RecyclerView.Adapter,必须重写onCreateViewHolder()、onBindViewHolder()、getItemCount()三个方法。
  • onCreateViewHolder()用于创建ViewHolder实例,在这个方法中将msg_item布局加载进来,然后创建一个ViewHolder实例,并把加载出来的布局传到构造函数中,返回实例。
  • onBindViewHolder()用于对RecyclerView子项的数据进行赋值。
  • getItemCount()获得RecyclerView有多少个子项

使用RecyclerView(修改MainActivity)

package com.example.uibestpractice;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
  private List msgList = new ArrayList<>();
  private EditText inputText;
  private Button send;
  private RecyclerView msgRecyclerView;
  private MsgAdapter adapter;

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    initMsgs();
    inputText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input_text);
    send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
    msgRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.msg_recycler_view);
    LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
    msgRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
    adapter = new MsgAdapter(msgList);
    msgRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onClick(View v) {
        String content = inputText.getText().toString();
        if (!"".equals(content)) {
          Msg msg = new Msg(content,Msg.TYPE_SENT);
          msgList.add(msg);
          adapter.notifyItemInserted(msgList.size()-1);
          msgRecyclerView.scrollToPosition(msgList.size()-1);
          inputText.setText("");
        }
      }
    });
  }

  private void initMsgs() {
    Msg msg1 = new Msg("Hello",Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
    msgList.add(msg1);
    Msg msg2 = new Msg("I'm John",Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
    msgList.add(msg2);
    Msg msg3 = new Msg("Hello",Msg.TYPE_SENT);
    msgList.add(msg3);
  }
}

onCreate()方法中先获得了RecyclerView的实例,然后创建了LinearLayoutManager对象,并把它设置到RecyclerView的实例中去。LayoutManager用于指定RecyclerView的布局方式,这里使用是线性布局的意思,可以实现ListView相同的效果。

设置了send按钮的响应事件,如果内容不为空则创建出一个新的Msg对象,并添加到msgList中去,之后调用了适配器的方法notifyItemInserted()来通知列表有新数据插入,这样新增的消息才能在RecyclerView中显示。接着调用RecyclerView的scrollToPosition()方法,将显示的数据定位到最后一行,最后清空输入栏。

效果图:

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