nginx中给目录增加密码保护实现程序

作者:袖梨 2022-06-30

了防止一些可能出现存在漏洞的后台脚本暴露,使用验证的方式保护这些文件所在的目录

使用apache的htpasswd工具生成密码

yingouqlj@yingouqlj-laptop:~$ htpasswd -b -c filename username passwd
Adding password for user ******


nginx可以为网站或目录甚至特定的文件设置密码认证。密码必须是crypt加密的。可以用apache的htpasswd来创建密码。

格式为:htpasswd -b -c site_pass username password

site_pass为密码文件。放在同nginx配置文件同一目录下,当然你也可以放在其它目录下,那在nginx的配置文件中就要写明绝对地址或相对当前目录的地址。

如果你输入htpasswd命令提示没有找到命令时,你需要安装httpd.如centos是yum install httpd

如果是为了给网站加上认证,可以直接将认证语句写在nginx的配置server段中。

如果是为了给目录加上认证,就需要写成目录形式了。同时,还要在目录中加上php的执行,否则php就会被下载而不执行了。
例如:基于整个网站的认证,auth_basic在php解释之前。

代码如下 复制代码
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.akii.org akii.org;
root /www/akii;
index index.html index.htm index.php;

auth_basic "input you user name and password";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/nginx_passwd;

location ~ .php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi_params;
}
location ~ /.ht {
deny all;
}
access_log /logs/akii.org_access.log main;
}

针对目录的认证,在一个单独的location中,并且在该location中嵌套一个解释php的location,否则php文件不会执行并且会被下载。auth_basic在嵌套的location之后。

代码如下 复制代码

1server {
listen 80;
server_name www.akii.org akii.org;
root /www/akii;
index index.html index.htm index.php;

location ~ ^/admin/.* {
location ~ .php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi_params;
}

auth_basic "auth";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/auth/admin.pass;
}

location ~ .php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi_params;
}

location ~ /.ht {
deny all;
}
access_log /logs/akii.org_access.log main;
}

这里有一个细节,就是location ~ ^/admin/.* {…} 保护admin目录下的所有文件。如果你只设了/admin/ 那么直接输入/admin/index.php还是可以访问并且运行的。 ^/admin/.* 意为保护该目录下所有文件。当然,只需要一次认证。并不会每次请求或每请求一个文件都要认证一下。


附一个可用的bash脚本 用于创建密码

代码如下 复制代码
#!/bin/bash
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

#set UserName

username=""
read -p "Please input UserName:" username
if [ "$username" = "" ]; then
echo "Error:UserName can't be NULL!"
exit 1
fi
echo "==========================="
echo "UserName was: $username"
echo "==========================="

#set password

unpassword=""
read -p "Please input the Password:" unpassword
if [ "$unpassword" = "" ]; then
echo "Error:Password can't be NULL!"
exit 1
fi
echo "==========================="
echo "Password was: $unpassword"
echo "==========================="
password=$(perl -e 'print crypt($ARGV[0], "pwdsalt")' $unpassword)

#set htpasswd file

htfile=""
read -p "Please input Auth filename:" htfile
if [ "$htfile" = "" ]; then
echo "Error:Auth filename can't be NULL!"
exit 1
fi
echo "==========================="
echo "Auth File:$htfile"
echo "==========================="

get_char()
{
SAVEDSTTY=`stty -g`
stty -echo
stty cbreak
dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2> /dev/null
stty -raw
stty echo
stty $SAVEDSTTY
}
echo ""
echo "Press any key to Creat...or Press Ctrl+c to cancel"
char=`get_char`
if [ ! -f $htfile ]; then
echo "Create Auth file......"
cat >$htfile $username:$password
eof
echo "Create Auth file successful,auth file path:$htfile"
else
echo "File already exists,please run this script again."
exit 1
fi

命令参数注释:

Usage:

htpasswd [-cmdpsD] passwordfile username
htpasswd -b[cmdpsD] passwordfile username password

htpasswd -n[mdps] username
htpasswd -nb[mdps] username password
-c Create a new file.
-n Don’t update file; display results on stdout.
-m Force MD5 encryption of the password (default).
-d Force CRYPT encryption of the password.
-p Do not encrypt the password (plaintext).
-s Force SHA encryption of the password.
-b Use the password from the command line rather than prompting for it.
-D Delete the specified user.

-b 使用命令行处理

相关文章

精彩推荐