oracle中asm disk header 彻底损坏恢复的方法
作者：袖梨
2022-06-29
测试准备
创建新表空间，创建T_XIFENFEI测试表
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| SQL> create tablespace xifenfei datafile '+XIFENFEI' SIZE 50m; Tablespace created. SQL> CREATE TABLE T_XIFENFEI TABLESPACE XIFENFEI 2 AS SELECT * FROM DBA_OBJECTS; Table created. SQL> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM T_XIFENFEI; COUNT(*) ---------- 50031 SQL> select ts#,rfile#,bytes/1024/1024,blocks,name from v$datafile; TS# RFILE# BYTES/1024/1024 BLOCKS NAME ---------- ---------- --------------- ---------- -------------------------------------------------- 0 1 480 61440 +XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/system.256.845260203 1 2 25 3200 +XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/undotbs1.258.845260205 2 3 250 32000 +XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/sysaux.257.845260203 4 4 5 640 +XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/users.259.845260205 6 5 50 6400 +XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/xifenfei.266.845262139 SQL> select GROUP_NUMBER,DISK_NUMBER,STATE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB,NAME,path from v$asm_disk; GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER STATE TOTAL_MB FREE_MB NAME PATH ------------ ----------- -------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- ------------------ 1 0 NORMAL 2048 0 XIFENFEI_0000 /dev/raw/raw1 1 1 NORMAL 784 0 XIFENFEI_0001 /dev/raw/raw2 1 2 NORMAL 7059 0 XIFENFEI_0002 /dev/raw/raw3 --关闭数据库 SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. --关闭ASM SQL> shutdown immediate ASM diskgroups dismounted ASM instance shutdown |
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查看裸设备对应磁盘
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| [oracle@xifenfei dul]$ more /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdc /dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdd1 /dev/raw/raw3 /dev/sdd2 |
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dd磁盘头
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| dd asm disk 前面10M，彻底破坏asm disk [oracle@xifenfei ~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/raw/raw1 bs=1M count=10 conv=notrunc 10+0 records in 10+0 records out 10485760 bytes (10 MB) copied, 0.175424 seconds, 59.8 MB/s [oracle@xifenfei ~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=1M count=10 conv=notrunc 10+0 records in 10+0 records out 10485760 bytes (10 MB) copied, 0.11584 seconds, 90.5 MB/s [oracle@xifenfei ~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=1M count=10 conv=notrunc 10+0 records in 10+0 records out 10485760 bytes (10 MB) copied, 0.353435 seconds, 29.7 MB/s |
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kfed查看磁盘
确定所有asm disk header完全被破坏
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| [oracle@xifenfei dul]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw1 kfbh.endian: 0 ; 0x000: 0x00 kfbh.hard: 0 ; 0x001: 0x00 kfbh.type: 0 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_INVALID kfbh.datfmt: 0 ; 0x003: 0x00 kfbh.block.blk: 0 ; 0x004: T=0 NUMB=0x0 kfbh.block.obj: 0 ; 0x008: TYPE=0x0 NUMB=0x0 kfbh.check: 0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000 kfbh.fcn.base: 0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000 kfbh.fcn.wrap: 0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000 kfbh.spare1: 0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000 kfbh.spare2: 0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000 [oracle@xifenfei dul]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw2 kfbh.endian: 0 ; 0x000: 0x00 kfbh.hard: 0 ; 0x001: 0x00 kfbh.type: 0 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_INVALID kfbh.datfmt: 0 ; 0x003: 0x00 kfbh.block.blk: 0 ; 0x004: T=0 NUMB=0x0 kfbh.block.obj: 0 ; 0x008: TYPE=0x0 NUMB=0x0 kfbh.check: 0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000 kfbh.fcn.base: 0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000 kfbh.fcn.wrap: 0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000 kfbh.spare1: 0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000 kfbh.spare2: 0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000 [oracle@xifenfei dul]$ kfed read /dev/raw/raw3 kfbh.endian: 0 ; 0x000: 0x00 kfbh.hard: 0 ; 0x001: 0x00 kfbh.type: 0 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_INVALID kfbh.datfmt: 0 ; 0x003: 0x00 kfbh.block.blk: 0 ; 0x004: T=0 NUMB=0x0 kfbh.block.obj: 0 ; 0x008: TYPE=0x0 NUMB=0x0 kfbh.check: 0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000 kfbh.fcn.base: 0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000 kfbh.fcn.wrap: 0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000 kfbh.spare1: 0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000 kfbh.spare2: 0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000 |
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dul查看完全损坏asm disk header
测试在asm disk header完全损坏情况下,dul是否还能够实现asm磁盘组中抽取数据
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| [oracle@xifenfei dul]$ ./dul Data UnLoader: 10.2.0.5.28 - Internal Only - on Sat Apr 19 04:02:02 2014 with 64-bit io functions Copyright (c) 1994 2014 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved. Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only DUL: Warning: block 0 is not a disk header block DUL: Error: Block is not in use DUL: Error: Block type mismatch ( seen 0 expect 1) when parsing block 0 of disk /dev/raw/raw1 DUL: Warning: block 0 is not a disk header block DUL: Error: Block is not in use DUL: Error: Block type mismatch ( seen 0 expect 1) when parsing block 0 of disk /dev/raw/raw2 DUL: Warning: block 0 is not a disk header block DUL: Error: Block is not in use DUL: Error: Block type mismatch ( seen 0 expect 1) when parsing block 0 of disk /dev/raw/raw3 |
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这里可以看出来,当asm disk header完全异常,dul也无法识别出来asm磁盘组(该情况下dul无法正常操作)
通过工具扫描磁盘抽取数据块
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| CPFL> scan disk /dev/raw/raw1 Scanning disk /dev/raw/raw1, at 2014-04-19 04:05:11 Completed disk /dev/raw/raw1, at 2014-04-19 04:05:56 CPFL> scan disk /dev/raw/raw1 Scanning disk /dev/raw/raw1, at 2014-04-19 04:05:56 Completed disk /dev/raw/raw1, at 2014-04-19 04:06:15 CPFL> scan disk /dev/raw/raw1 Scanning disk /dev/raw/raw1, at 2014-04-19 04:06:15 Completed disk /dev/raw/raw1, at 2014-04-19 04:07:44 CPFL> list datafiles Tablespace: SYSTEM File: 1 Blocks: 61440 Tablespace: UNDOTBS1 File: 2 Blocks: 3200 Tablespace: SYSAUX File: 3 Blocks: 32000 Tablespace: USERS File: 4 Blocks: 640 Tablespace: XIFENFEI File: 5 Blocks: 6400 CPFL> copy datafile 1 to /u01/oracle/oradata/asmfile/1.dbf copy datafile start: 2014-04-19 04:10:35 copy datafile 1 have blocks 61440 copy datafile completed: 2014-04-19 04:11:18 CPFL> copy datafile 2 to /u01/oracle/oradata/asmfile/2.dbf copy datafile start: 2014-04-19 04:11:52 copy datafile 2 have blocks 3200 copy datafile completed: 2014-04-19 04:11:54 CPFL> copy datafile 3 to /u01/oracle/oradata/asmfile/3.dbf copy datafile start: 2014-04-19 04:12:03 copy datafile 3 have blocks 32000 copy datafile completed: 2014-04-19 04:12:27 CPFL> copy datafile 4 to /u01/oracle/oradata/asmfile/4.dbf copy datafile start: 2014-04-19 04:13:07 copy datafile 4 have blocks 640 copy datafile completed: 2014-04-19 04:13:08 CPFL> copy datafile 5 to /u01/oracle/oradata/asmfile/5.dbf copy datafile start: 2014-04-19 04:13:18 copy datafile 5 have blocks 6400 copy datafile completed: 2014-04-19 04:13:19 |
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查看使用工具抽取数据文件
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| [oracle@xifenfei asmfile]$ ls -l total 830320 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 503324672 Apr 19 04:34 1.dbf -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 26222592 Apr 19 04:34 2.dbf -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 262152192 Apr 19 04:34 3.dbf -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Apr 19 04:34 4.dbf -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 52436992 Apr 19 04:34 5.dbf |
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dul验证抽取文件
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| [oracle@xifenfei dul]$ ./dul Data UnLoader: 10.2.0.5.28 - Internal Only - on Sat Apr 19 06:56:09 2014 with 64-bit io functions Copyright (c) 1994 2014 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved. Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dul.log" Found db_id = 181793355 Found db_name = ASM10G DUL> show datafiles; ts# rf# start blocks offs open err file name 0 1 0 61440 0 1 0 /u01/oracle/oradata/asmfile/1.dbf 1 2 0 3200 0 1 0 /u01/oracle/oradata/asmfile/2.dbf 2 3 0 32000 0 1 0 /u01/oracle/oradata/asmfile/3.dbf 4 4 0 640 0 1 0 /u01/oracle/oradata/asmfile/4.dbf 6 5 0 6400 0 1 0 /u01/oracle/oradata/asmfile/5.dbf DUL> bootstrap; Probing file = 1, block = 377 . unloading table BOOTSTRAP$ DUL: Warning: block number is non zero but marked deferred trying to process it anyhow 57 rows unloaded DUL: Warning: Dictionary cache DC_BOOTSTRAP is empty Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 57 entries loaded Parsing Bootstrap$ contents DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dict.ddl" Generating dict.ddl for version 10 OBJ$: segobjno 18, file 1 block 121 TAB$: segobjno 2, tabno 1, file 1 block 25 COL$: segobjno 2, tabno 5, file 1 block 25 USER$: segobjno 10, tabno 1, file 1 block 89 Running generated file "@dict.ddl" to unload the dictionary tables . unloading table OBJ$ 51171 rows unloaded . unloading table TAB$ 1576 rows unloaded . unloading table COL$ 55264 rows unloaded . unloading table USER$ 59 rows unloaded Reading USER.dat 59 entries loaded Reading OBJ.dat 51171 entries loaded and sorted 51171 entries Reading TAB.dat 1576 entries loaded Reading COL.dat 55264 entries loaded and sorted 55264 entries Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 57 entries loaded DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dict.ddl" Generating dict.ddl for version 10 OBJ$: segobjno 18, file 1 block 121 TAB$: segobjno 2, tabno 1, file 1 block 25 COL$: segobjno 2, tabno 5, file 1 block 25 USER$: segobjno 10, tabno 1, file 1 block 89 TABPART$: segobjno 266, file 1 block 2121 INDPART$: segobjno 271, file 1 block 2161 TABCOMPART$: segobjno 288, file 1 block 2297 INDCOMPART$: segobjno 293, file 1 block 2345 TABSUBPART$: segobjno 278, file 1 block 2217 INDSUBPART$: segobjno 283, file 1 block 2257 IND$: segobjno 2, tabno 3, file 1 block 25 ICOL$: segobjno 2, tabno 4, file 1 block 25 LOB$: segobjno 2, tabno 6, file 1 block 25 COLTYPE$: segobjno 2, tabno 7, file 1 block 25 TYPE$: segobjno 181, tabno 1, file 1 block 1297 COLLECTION$: segobjno 181, tabno 2, file 1 block 1297 ATTRIBUTE$: segobjno 181, tabno 3, file 1 block 1297 LOBFRAG$: segobjno 299, file 1 block 2393 LOBCOMPPART$: segobjno 302, file 1 block 2425 UNDO$: segobjno 15, file 1 block 105 TS$: segobjno 6, tabno 2, file 1 block 57 PROPS$: segobjno 96, file 1 block 721 Running generated file "@dict.ddl" to unload the dictionary tables . unloading table www.111com.net OBJ$ DUL: Warning: Recreating file "OBJ.ctl" 51171 rows unloaded . unloading table TAB$ DUL: Warning: Recreating file "TAB.ctl" 1576 rows unloaded . unloading table COL$ DUL: Warning: Recreating file "COL.ctl" 55264 rows unloaded . unloading table USER$ DUL: Warning: Recreating file "USER.ctl" 59 rows unloaded . unloading table TABPART$ 72 rows unloaded . unloading table INDPART$ 80 rows unloaded . unloading table TABCOMPART$ 0 rows unloaded . unloading table INDCOMPART$ 0 rows unloaded . unloading table TABSUBPART$ 0 rows unloaded . unloading table INDSUBPART$ 0 rows unloaded . unloading table IND$ 2231 rows unloaded . unloading table ICOL$ 3650 rows unloaded . unloading table LOB$ 530 rows unloaded . unloading table COLTYPE$ 1701 rows unloaded . unloading table TYPE$ 1945 rows unloaded . unloading table COLLECTION$ 555 rows unloaded . unloading table ATTRIBUTE$ 7275 rows unloaded . unloading table LOBFRAG$ 1 row unloaded . unloading table LOBCOMPPART$ 0 rows unloaded . unloading table UNDO$ 21 rows unloaded . unloading table TS$ 7 rows unloaded . unloading table PROPS$ 28 rows unloaded Reading USER.dat 59 entries loaded Reading OBJ.dat 51171 entries loaded and sorted 51171 entries Reading TAB.dat 1576 entries loaded Reading COL.dat 55264 entries loaded and sorted 55264 entries Reading TABPART.dat 72 entries loaded and sorted 72 entries Reading TABCOMPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries Reading TABSUBPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries Reading INDPART.dat 80 entries loaded and sorted 80 entries Reading INDCOMPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries Reading INDSUBPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries Reading IND.dat 2231 entries loaded Reading LOB.dat 530 entries loaded Reading ICOL.dat 3650 entries loaded Reading COLTYPE.dat 1701 entries loaded Reading TYPE.dat 1945 entries loaded Reading ATTRIBUTE.dat 7275 entries loaded Reading COLLECTION.dat 555 entries loaded Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 57 entries loaded Reading LOBFRAG.dat 1 entries loaded and sorted 1 entries Reading LOBCOMPPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries Reading UNDO.dat 21 entries loaded Reading TS.dat 7 entries loaded Reading PROPS.dat 28 entries loaded Database character set is ZHS16GBK Database national character set is AL16UTF16 DUL> unload table sys.t_xifenfei; . unloading table T_XIFENFEI 50031 rows unloaded |
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通过这里可以发现,我们创建测试数据为50031条,dul读取抽取出来数据文件中对应表数据条数也为50031条;证明:在asm disk header完全损坏情况下，可以通过扫描数据文件，找出来磁盘中的datafile block实现完整恢复数据[只要你的asm中的数据没有覆盖,都可以通过该方法恢复]
