nginx中ngxtop实时监视服务器访问状态

1. 安装ngxtop
1.1 源码安装
# wget https://github.com/lebinh/ngxtop/archive/master.zip -O ngxtop-master.zip
# unzip ngxtop-master.zip
# cd ngxtop-master
# python setup.py install
...省略....
Finished processing dependencies for ngxtop==0.0.1

//看到如上输出表示安装成功，安装过程需要网络支持

1.2 ngxtop安装
pip install ngxtop

2. ngxtop使用详解
# ngxtop --help
ngxtop - ad-hoc query for nginx access log.

Usage:
ngxtop [options]
ngxtop [options] (print|top|avg|sum) ...
ngxtop info
ngxtop [options] query ...

Options:
-l , --access-log 需要分析的访问日志
-f , --log-format log_format指令指定的日志格式 [默认: combined]
--no-follow ngxtop default behavior is to ignore current lines in log
and only watch for new lines as they are written to the access log.
Use this flag to tell ngxtop to process the current content of the access log instead.
-t , --interval report interval when running in follow mode [default: 2.0]

-g , --group-by 根据变量分组 [默认: request_path]
-w , --having having clause [default: 1]
-o , --order-by 排序 [默认: count]
-n , --limit 显示的条数 [default: 10]
-a ..., --a ... add exp (must be aggregation exp: sum, avg, min, max, etc.) into output

-v, --verbose 更多的输出
-d, --debug print every line and parsed record
-h, --help 当前帮助信息.
--version 输出版本信息.

高级选项:
-c , --config 运行ngxtop解析nginx配置文件
-i , --filter filter in, records satisfied given expression are processed.
-p , --pre-filter in-filter expression to check in pre-parsing phase.

范例:
All examples read nginx config file for access log location and format.
If you want to specify the access log file and / or log format, use the -f and -a options.

"top" like view of nginx requests
$ ngxtop

404前十的请求
$ ngxtop top request_path --filter 'status == 404'

总流量前十的请求
$ ngxtop --order-by 'avg(bytes_sent) * count'

访问量前十的ip地址
$ ngxtop --group-by remote_addr

输出400以上状态吗的请求以及请求来源
$ ngxtop -i 'status >= 400' print request status http_referer

Average body bytes sent of 200 responses of requested path begin with 'foo':
$ ngxtop avg bytes_sent --filter 'status == 200 and request_path.startswith("foo")'

使用common日志格式分析远程服务器Apache访问日志
$ ssh remote tail -f /var/log/apache2/access.log | ngxtop -f common

3. ngxtop实例
3.1 实时状态
# ngxtop -c /usr/local/nginx-1.5.2/conf/nginx.conf
nginx

ngxtop

3.2 访问量前十的IP
# ngxtop -c /usr/local/nginx-1.5.2/conf/nginx.conf top remote_addr
nginx

ngxtop

4. 注意事项
4.1 ngxtop单条命令无法执行
# ngxtop
Error: Access log file or format was not set and nginx
config file cannot be detected. Perhaps nginx is not in your PATH?

意识说nginx执行文件要加到PATH路径中，
方法一：软连接
# ln -s /usr/local/nginx-1.5.2/sbin/nginx /sbin/

方法二：修改环境变量
# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx-1.5.2/sbin

# source /etc/profile

方法三：指定配置文件
# ngxtop -c /usr/local/nginx-1.5.2/conf/nginx.conf

4.2 虚拟主机配置文件必须在nginx.conf主配置中
一般情况下，我们会将虚拟主机单独写到一个配置文件中，然后nginx.conf做个include。例如我们站点www.111com.net
配置文件：/usr/local/nginx-1.5.2/conf/vhost/www.111com.net.conf
再nginx.conf的http段中添加include vhost/*.conf

这种情况下ngxtop不支持，必须要保证所有配置都在nginx.conf中才行。不知道是否我哪里理解不对，如果是的话，知道的兄弟留言告知。本人在此感激不尽。

5. 结束
ngxtop非常实用，值得推荐。

原文来自:ttlsa.com