PHP SPL标准库 SplFixedArray 介绍及和Array的性能测试

SplFixedArray主要是处理数组相关的主要功能，与普通php array不同的是，它是固定长度的，且以数字为键名的数组，优势就是比普通的数组处理更快。

看看我本机的Benchmark测试：

ini_set('memory_limit','12800M');

for($size = 10000; $size < 10000000; $size *= 4) {
echo PHP_EOL . "Testing size: $size" . PHP_EOL;
for($s = microtime(true), $container = Array(), $i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) $container[$i] = NULL;
echo "Array(): " . (microtime(true) - $s) . PHP_EOL;

for($s = microtime(true), $container = new SplFixedArray($size), $i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) $container[$i] = NULL;
echo "SplArray(): " . (microtime(true) - $s) . PHP_EOL;
}


结果如下：

Testing size: 10000
Array(): 0.004000186920166
SplArray(): 0.0019998550415039

Testing size: 40000
Array(): 0.017001152038574
SplArray(): 0.0090007781982422

Testing size: 160000
Array(): 0.050002098083496
SplArray(): 0.046003103256226

Testing size: 640000
Array(): 0.19701099395752
SplArray(): 0.16700983047485

Testing size: 2560000
Array(): 0.75704312324524
SplArray(): 0.67303895950317


通常情况下SplFixedArray要比php array快上20%~30%，所以如果你是处理巨大数量的固定长度数组，还是强烈建议使用。

SplFixedArray类摘要如下：

SplFixedArray implements Iterator , ArrayAccess , Countable {
/* 方法 */
public __construct ([ int $size = 0 ] )
public int count ( void )
public mixed current ( void )
public static SplFixedArray fromArray ( array $array [, bool $save_indexes = true ] )
public int getSize ( void )
public int key ( void )
public void next ( void )
public bool offsetExists ( int $index )
public mixed offsetGet ( int $index )
public void offsetSet ( int $index , mixed $newval )
public void offsetUnset ( int $index )
public void rewind ( void )
public int setSize ( int $size )
public array toArray ( void )
public bool valid ( void )
public void __wakeup ( void )
}


使用SplFixedArray：

$arr = new SplFixedArray(4);
$arr[0] = 'php';
$arr[1] = 1;
$arr[3] = 'python';

//遍历， $arr[2] 为null
foreach($arr as $v) {
echo $v . PHP_EOL;
}

//获取数组长度
echo $arr->getSize(); //4

//增加数组长度
$arr->setSize(5);
$arr[4] = 'new one';

//捕获异常
try{
echo $arr[10];
} catch (RuntimeException $e) {
echo $e->getMessage();
}




SplFixedArray和Array的性能测试

PHP文档专门说明：

The SplFixedArray class provides the main functionalities of array. The main differences between a SplFixedArray and a normal PHP array is that the SplFixedArray is of fixed length and allows only integers within the range as indexes. The advantage is that it allows a faster array implementation.

所以在处理大型的、以数字为索引的数组时，应该用SplFixedArray来代替普通Array。

下面是测试代码：

function pr() {
$params = func_get_args();
$env = php_sapi_name();
if ("cli" == $env) {
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
echo $value;
}
} else {
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
echo "

";
            print_r($value);
            echo "

";
}
}
} // 用来打印输出结果


require dirname(__FILE__)."/function.php";

for ($size=1000; $size<=50000000; $size*=2) {
pr(PHP_EOL . "Testing size: $size" . PHP_EOL);
for($s = microtime(true), $container = Array(), $i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) {
$container[$i] = NULL;
}
pr( "Array(): " . (microtime(true) - $s) . PHP_EOL);

for($s = microtime(true), $container = new SplFixedArray($size), $i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) {
$container[$i] = NULL;
}
pr("SplArray(): " . (microtime(true) - $s) . PHP_EOL);
}

但是在我的测试机器上，这段代码出现了非常诡异的结果：

暂时想不出来是什么原因：难道是因为虚拟机内存太小，导致最后的SplFixedArray插入时需要不断GC才导致时间太长？