历数Firefox2.0对XML处理的改进

作者：袖梨 2022-07-02

Firefox 2.0 在对 XML 的支持方面有几个重要的改进。目前它的用户部署如日中天。了解 Firefox 2.0 XML 特性的改进，包括在 RSS Web 提要处理方面有争议的变化。

被赋予新应用程序平台的角色后，现在 Web 浏览器可能是最热门的软件。对于软件开发人员来说这是令人激动的时刻，动态 HTML 技术以 Asynchronous JavaScript + XML (Ajax) 获得重生，Microsoft® Internet Explorer® 的开发得以恢复等等。过去两年中，关于 XML 和 Firefox 的 developerWorks 系列文章（请参阅参考资料）介绍了以 1.8 版本的核心 Mozilla 浏览器引擎为基础的 Firefox 1.5 版。此后，Mozilla 项目永不停歇的开发步伐又催生了 Firefox 2.0，它以 Gecko 1.8.1 Web 呈现引擎为基础。Firefox 2.0 的一些改进涉及到 XML 处理。本文介绍了最新的 Firefox XML 处理功能，包括开发人员应该记住的可能遇到的主要障碍。

减少了对 Web 提要的控制

Firefox 2.0 一个变化引起了用户社区的极大惊慌。如果提供 RSS 或 Atom 这类 Web 提要，可能需要包括 XSLT 样式表为用户转换成其他表示形式。清单 1 中的 Atom 提要引用了这样的转换。

清单 1. 包含样式表引用的 Atom 提要

http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"
xml:lang="en"
xml:base="http://www.example.org">
http://www.example.org/myfeed
My Simple Feed
2005-07-15T12:00:00Z

Uche Ogbuji

http://www.example.org/entries/1
A simple blog entry

2005-07-14T12:00:00Z

This is a simple blog entry

http://www.example.org/entries/2
<br /> <link href="/blog/2005/07/2" /><br /> <updated>2005-07-15T12:00:00Z</updated><br /> <summary>This is simple blog entry without a title</summary><br /> </entry><br /> </feed><br /> </p> <p>关键是第二行中的样式表处理指令（PI）。如果用 Firefox 1.5 打开，浏览器就会尽职尽责地加载 atom2html.xslt 并显示结果。本系列文章第 2 部分（请参阅参考资料）已经提到，查看实际的 XML 必须通过 “查看源代码”。在 Firefox 2.0 中，浏览器忽略该样式表 PI 并使用定制的 Firefox 视图查看，如图 1 所示（Firefox 2.0.0.6、Mac OS X 平台上的屏幕截图）。</p> <p> </p> <p>图 1. Firefox 2.0 内置的 Web 提要视图</p> <p><br /> 避免这种情况并强制使用所选样式表，惟一的办法就是愚弄头脑简单的 Firefox，它通过在文件前 512 个字节中查找 “rss” 或 “feed” 来判定是否为 Web 提要。清单 2 采用了一种广为人知的办法，专门插入一段注释来填充这 512 个字节。</p> <p> </p> <p>清单 2. 绕过 Firefox 2.0 和 Internet Explorer 7 默认样式表处理方式的 Atom 提要</p> <p><br /> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><br /> <br /> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xml" href="atom2html.xslt"?><br /> <feed xmlns="<a href="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom</a>"<br /> xml:lang="en"<br /> xml:base="<a href="http://www.example.org">http://www.example.org</a>"><br /> </p> <p> </p> <p></feed><br /> </p> <p>考虑了用户社区的反对意见之后，Firefox 开发人员决定坚持自身的立场，因而这种行为方式将保留到未来的 Firefox 版本之中。我个人不喜欢这种方式，您可以阅读有关的争论再决定喜欢与否。值得一提的是，这种做法与 Internet Explorer 和 Apple Safari 有相似之处。</p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </section> <section class="wrap-box"> <div class="g-tit"> <h2>相关文章</h2> </div> <ul class="s-list nobord notop"> <li> <a href="/art-451007.htm" class="s-card"> <div class="s-card-l"> <p class="tit">原神丝柯克技能介绍一览</p> <div 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